1     Herbert Eugene Bolton, Texas in the Middle Eighteenth Century: Studies in Spanish Colonial History and Administration (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1970), 4-8.
 
 
 
 

2     C.H. Haring, The Spanish Empire in America (New York: Oxford University Press, 1947), 159.
 
 
 
 
 
 

18     For the best overall description of municipality establishment, see Gilbert R. Cruz, Let There Be Towns: Spanish Municipal Origins in the American Southwest, 1610-1810 (College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 1988), pp. 6, 68. Coahuila y Texas, Ordnanzas [sic] municipales para el gobierno y manejo interior del ayuntamiento de la ciudad de San Antonio de Béjar (Leona Vicario, Coahuila: Imprenta del Govierno, 1829); Coahuila y Texas, Ordenanzas municipales para el gobierno y manejo interior del ayuntamiento de la villa de Goliad (Leona Vicario, Coahuila: Imprenta del Govierno, 1829); Ethel Zivley Rather, "DeWitt's Colony," Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association, 8 (Oct., 1904), p. 121; Wilkinson, Laredo, p. 38.
 
 

i     None of the Texas missions had a total population of over one hundred by the close of the eighteenth century according to the figures in BA, Texas Mission Census, Dec. 31, 1804. Although few Spaniards lived in the missions, they often outnumbered the Indian neophyte population, as seen in Missions Espada and San Juan above. For the fusion of calpulli and barrio, see MacLachlan, Tribunal of the Acordada, p. 15.
 
 

ii     BA, Béxar Municipal Regulations, Mar. 20, 1825; Coahuila y Texas, Ordenanzas municipales de Goliad, Article 39.
 
 
 
 

iii     BA, Gaspar Flores, "Address to the People of the Province of Texas," Dec. 5, 1824; Francisco Javier Bustillo, Receipts, Dec., 13, 1824; Gaspar Flores, Receipt, Dec. 22, 1824; List of National Holidays, June 16, 1824; Eugenio Flores to Junta Patriotica, June 24, 1828; Junta Patriotica, Proceedings, Sept. 12, 1829; José Antonio Saucedo to Juan Martín Veramendi, Sept. 24, 1825; Kennedy, Texas: The Rise, Progress, and Prospects, p. 397.
 
 
 
 
 
 

iv     BA, Refugio de la Garza, Report, July 28, 1831; Béxar Ayuntamiento Account Book, Jan. 2, 1826; Cox, "Education in San Fernando," pp. 45-49.
 
 
 
 

1     Ildefonso Villarello Vélez, Historia de Coahuila (Saltillo, Mex.: Escuela de Coahuila, n.d.), Appendix; Barker, The Austin Papers, Vol. I, pt. 1, p. 694.
 
 
 
 
 
 

v.     Castañeda, Our Catholic Heritage, VII, pp. 112-114; Seb S. Wilcox, "Laredo during the Texas Republic," Southwestern Historical Quarterly, 42 (Oct., 1938), pp. 104, 105; Frank Cushman Pierce, Texas' Last Frontier: A Brief History of the Lower Rio Grande Valley (Menasha, Wisconsin: Collegiate Press, 1917), p. 138; Stambaugh, Lower Rio Grande Valley, pp. 88-92; González, "Cameron, Starr, and Zapata Counties," p. 26; Pierce, Texas under Arms, pp. 151, 152.